9. The Inclination Angle on the Axial Surface of Coping affects the stress distribution of the abutment tooth for Overdentures

D.Yamanaka1, T.Ohyama1,2, Y.Katakura1, E.Nagai1,2, S. Nakabayashi1 and T.Ishigami1,2

1 Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Japan

2 Division of Clinical ResearchCDental Research CenterCNihon University School of Dentistry, Japan


Introduction

In case of minority residual teeth, the overdenture is designed for maintenance of the abutment tooth and the residual ridge and stability of occlusion. When a coping is applied to the abutment tooth for overdenture, the shape of coping may affect the stress distribution of an abutment tooth and the circumferencial tissue. In this study, the interaction between the difference of the inclination angle on the axial surface and the stress distribution and displacement direction on the abutment tooth under the vertical load was examined by using three-dimensional finite element method.

Materials and Methods

The complete overdenture model with the coping was setting on the mandibular right canine, was evaluated. The abutment tooth was assembled of inclined 15 degrees from occlusal plane. The outline of the abutment tooth and mandible were modeled based on the data from multi detector CT (Asteion Super4 Edition, Toshiba, Japan). Periodontal ligament, cortical bone, cancellous bone, and alveolar mucosa shapes were modeled referred to anatomical measurement. The analysis models were constructed tooth, cortical bone, cancellous bone, periodontal ligament, alveolar mucosa, denture base and coping. This study was used the Rhinoceros (Version 1.0, Robert McNeil & Associates, USA) and ANSYS (Version 11.0, Ansys Inc, USA).

 

Table 1 shows the Young modulus and Poissonfs ratio. Three kinds of the inclination angle (0, 30, 45 degrees) on the axial surface of the coping were designed. The height of the coping was 1 mm from the lingual alveolar crest, and the top surface was set to the parallel of occlusal plane (Fig.1). The loading condition was set up the vector of muscular contraction of the chewing movement.

 

Table 1

Fig.1

 

Table 2 shows the quantity of loading conditions.

 

Table 2

 

 

Fig.2 shows the loading directions with arrows. Ten occlusal stops at the intercuspal position and the upper part of the condyle bilaterally was restrained completely on the designed models. Fig.3 shows the restricted positions with circles. Stress levels were calculated under the minimum principal stress on the surface of cortical bone. Vector of the movements were calculated on the six points of the surface of abutment tooth.

 

Fig.2                                     Fig.3

Results

Fig.4 shows the stress distribution of the abutment tooth (2D stress contour plots) and the stress distribution graph of the top surface of cortical bone. The stress concentration was detected on the labial and lingual side of the abutment tooth, but there were no significant differences about the stress distribution and displacement direction on three kinds of analysis models. The displacement of abutment tooth was correlated the elevated inclination angle on the axial surface was increased slightly.

 

Fig.4

Discussions

The influence of the difference of the inclination angle on axial surface of the coping was no apparent, because the load was vertical for the attractive surface of coping and the height of the coping was short.

 

 

 

 

 

Conclusions

According to the results, there were no significant differences about both the stress distribution and displacement direction on three kinds of the inclination angle (0, 30, 45 degrees) on the axial surface of the coping under the vertical load.

Acknowledgement

This study was supported in part by Sato Fund, Nihon University School of Dentistry (2007).

References

1.       Korioth TW, Hannam AG Deformation of the human mandible during simulated tooth clenching, J Dent Res 73:56-66, 1994

2.       Yuusuke Katakura, Influence of the Angle of Attractive Surface of Root Cap Affect Abutment Tooth for Overdenture, JJ Mag Dent 17(2): 31-34,2008

 

Discussion Board