Laser penetration into cast Fe-Pt magnetic
alloy and Co-Cr alloy
Jie Liu1, Ikuya Watanabe2, Yasuhiro Tanaka1, Kunihiro Hisatsune1, Mitsuru Atsuta1
1 Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine
2 Department of Biomaterials Science,
INTRODUCTION
Castable Fe-Pt magnetic attachment system has been developed for possible application in dentistry.1,2 The cast Fe-Pt attachment developed was then applied for patients with microstomia and was reported to be favorable results.3,4 In these cases, the cast Fe-Pt keepers were incorporated into Co-Cr metal frameworks by laser-welding since the laser welding has less effects of heating which cause the degradation of magnetic properties for the Fe-Pt alloys. During the procedure to construct the Fe-Pt/Co-Cr assembly, it was hard to choose the intensity of parameters for laser-welding apparatus since little information is available for laser penetration into the Fe-Pt alloy.
OBJECTIVE
The
objective of this study was to examine the laser penetration into cast Fe-Pt magnetic alloy and
compared with that into Co-Cr alloy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Cast blocks (20 x 5 x 5 mm) were prepared using a custom made Fe-Pt alloy (Fe-36at%Pt) and a Co-Cr alloy (Cobaltan, Shofu Inc.). After the cast surfaces were air-abraded with 50 µm Al2O3, two cast blocks were butted against one another on the 20 x 5 mm surfaces. They were then perpendicularly laser-welded at their interface using Nd:YAG laser (Tanaka TLL7000) under the following parameters: current of 160 - 300 A (increments of 20 A), spot diameter of 0.4 - 1.6 mm (increments of 0.2 mm) and pulse duration of 1 - 13 ms (increments of 3 ms). Laser welding was conducted under argon atmosphere. After the welded blocks were mechanically separated, the penetration depth (n=3) of the laser into each alloy was measured using computer graphics.
RESULTS
The laser penetrations into
both alloys using pulse durations of 1 ms,
4 ms, 7 ms, 10 ms and 13 ms were presented in Figs 1 – 5,
respectively. Increase in voltage and decrease in spot diameter increased the
laser penetration into both alloys. The laser penetration into Fe-Pt alloy was greater than that into Co-Cr
alloy at any welding parameter, especially at higher current and smaller spot
diameter in each pulse duration.
CONCLUSIONS
The
present study could show the basic data to laser-weld cast Fe-Pt metal
frameworks to Co-Cr frameworks.
REFERENCES
1. Watanabe
I, Tanaka Y, Fukunaga H, Hisatsune K, Atsuta M (2001). Attractive
force of castable iron-platinum magnetic alloys. Dent Mater 17:197-200.
2. Watanabe
I, Hai K, Tanaka Y, Hisatsune
K, Atsuta M (2001). In vitro corrosion behavior of cast
iron-platinum magnetic alloys. Dent Mater 17:217-220.
3. Watanabe I, Tanaka Y, Ohkubo C, Miller A (2002). Application of cast magnetic attachments to sectional complete dentures for a patient with microstomia: A clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 88:573-577.
4. Ohkubo
C, Watanabe I, Tanaka Y, Hosoi T (2003). Application of cast iron-platinum
keeper to a collapsible denture for a patient with constricted oral opening: A
clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 90:6-9.
Figure 1. Laser penetration into Fe-Pt and Co-Cr at a pulse duration of 1 ms.
Figure 2. Laser penetration into Fe-Pt and Co-Cr at a pulse duration of 4 ms.
Figure 3. Laser penetration into Fe-Pt and Co-Cr at a pulse duration of 7 ms.
Figure 4. Laser penetration into Fe-Pt and Co-Cr at a pulse duration of 10 ms.
Figure 5. Laser penetration into Fe-Pt and Co-Cr at a pulse duration of 13 ms.